Team Science, often referred to as the “Science of Team Science” (SciTS), is an interdisciplinary field dedicated to understanding and enhancing the processes, structures, and outcomes of collaborative research efforts (Stokols et al., 2008; Hall et al., 2012; National Research Council, 2015). It integrates theories and methods from areas such as organizational behavior, psychology, communication, science and technology studies, sociology and management to examine how scientific teams can work together more effectively (Fiore, 2008; Bennett et al., 2010). By identifying factors that influence team dynamics—such as leadership styles, communication practices, team composition, and institutional support—Team Science aims to improve the design, conduct, and evaluation of research teams, ultimately fostering innovation and more impactful scientific discoveries (Cummings & Kiesler, 2007; Stokols et al., 2008; National Research Council, 2015).
•Bennett, L. M., Gadlin, H., & Levine-Finley, S. (2010). Collaboration & team science: A field guide. National Institutes of Health.
•Cummings, J. N., & Kiesler, S. (2007). Coordination costs and project outcomes in multi-university collaborations. Research Policy, 36(10), 1620–1634. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.respol.2007.09.001
•Fiore, S. M. (2008). Interdisciplinarity as teamwork: How the science of teams can inform team science. Small Group Research, 39(3), 251–277. https://doi.org/10.1177/1046496408317797
•Hall, K. L., Vogel, A. L., Huang, G. C., Serrano, K. J., Rice, E. L., & Tsakraklides, S. P. (2012). The science of team science: A review of the empirical evidence and research gaps on collaboration in science. American Psychologist, 67(6), 377–390. https://doi.org/10.1037/a0029259
•National Research Council. (2015). Enhancing the effectiveness of team science. The National Academies Press. https://doi.org/10.17226/19007
•Stokols, D., Hall, K. L., Taylor, B. K., & Moser, R. P. (2008). The science of team science: Overview of the field and introduction to the supplement. American Journal of Preventive Medicine, 35(2, Suppl.), S77–S89. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.amepre.2008.05.002